Usoro Nchọcha
Otu e si emepụta nọmba ọ bụla na saịtị a, ka e nwee ike imeghachi nke ọ bụla n’ime ha.
Ọnụọgụ niile na-eche wiil Europe ziri ezi: oghere 37 nwere otu ohere ahụ, ntụgharị kwụụrụ onwe hamgbakọNtụgharị kwụụrụ onwe haNtụgharị ọ bụla nwere otu ohere ahụ n’agbanyeghị ihe mere na mbụ. Ntọala mgbakọ ọ bụla na saịtị a.Gụọ ya niile →, ụgwọegoỤgwọIhe nzọ meriri na-eweghachi, a na-ekwu ya dị ka “X ruo 1” na mgbakwunye ego nzọ e weghachiri.Gụọ ya niile → 36/n − 1, enweghị la partageiwuLa partageIwu French: mgbe efu pụtara, a na-eweghachi ọkara nke ego nzọ ego hara nhata. Ọ na-ebelata uru ụlọ na nzọ ndị ahụ ruo 1.35%.Gụọ ya niile → ma e wezụga ebe e kwuru ya. Simulation na-eji generator nwere seed ma na-ekwu seed ya na nha sample ya.
Ọnụọgụ usoro mgbakọ doro anya
OheremgbakọOhereOhere nke otu nsonaazụ, site na 0 ruo 1 ma ọ bụ 0% ruo 100%. Otu nọmba: 1/37 = 2.70%.Gụọ ya niile → = nọmba e kpuchiri / 37. Uru a tụrụ anyamgbakọUru a tụrụ anyaNkezi nsonaazụ kwa nzọ n’ogologo oge. −1/37 nke ego nzọ maka nzọ Europe ọkọlọtọ ọ bụla.Gụọ ya niile → = −ego nzọ/37. MgbasamgbakọMgbasaIhe ọtụtụ na-egosi otu nsonaazụ si gbasaa gburugburu uru a tụrụ anya. Ọ dị elu maka straight up, dị ala maka nzọ ego hara nhata.Gụọ ya niile → kwa unitegoUnitEgo nzọ ntọala nke otu usoro ma ọ bụ onye egwuregwu na-eji arụ ọrụ. A na-akọwa usoro mmụba nzọ na unit ka ha metụta tebụl ọ bụla.Gụọ ya niile → = p·W² + (1 − p) − EV². Usoro nsonaazụ: (18/37)ᵏ. Ihe egwu nke ọdịdamgbakọIhe egwu nke ọdịdaOhere nke ịtụfu ego egwuregwu niile tupu i rute ebumnuche ma ọ bụ ọnụọgụ ntụgharị.Gụọ ya niile →: usoro mgbakọ gambler’s ruin nwere p = 18/37. Atụmatụ nha sample: normal approximation nke nnwale otu proportion na α = 0.05 n’otu akụkụ na ike 80%.
Simulation
Oge egwuregwu Monte Carlo na-eji nzọ ego hara nhatanzọNzọ ego hara nhataUhie/oji, odd/even, elu/ala. Nọmba 18, na-akwụ 1:1.Gụọ ya niile → nwere ohere mmeri 18/37. A na-egbochi nzọ na oke tebụltebụlOke tebụlNzọ kacha nta na nke kachasị ukwuu a na-ekwe. Nke kachasị ukwuu bụ ihe na-akwụsị usoro mmụba nzọ okpukpu abụọ.Gụọ ya niile → na ego egwuregwuegoEgo egwuregwuNgụkọta ego e debere maka igwu egwu. Njikwa ego egwuregwu bụ ikpebi ole n’ime ya a ga-etinye n’ihe egwu kwa nzọ na kwa oge egwuregwu.Gụọ ya niile → fọdụrụ; oge egwuregwu na-akwụsị na ọnụọgụ ntụgharị ma ọ bụ na efu. E dere iwu usoro mmụba nzọatụmatụUsoro mmụba nzọIwu ọ bụla na-agbanwe ego nzọ dabere na nsonaazụ gara aga. Usoro na-adịghị mma na-ebuli ya mgbe mfu gasịrị, usoro dị mma mgbe mmeri gasịrị.Gụọ ya niile → na peeji atụmatụ ọ bụla. A na-edozi seed ka ntọala e nyere wee nwee ike imeghachi n’oge nleta ọ bụla; Simulator Oge Egwuregwu Roulette na-egosi seed ya dị ka nọmba oge egwuregwu.
Nnwale statistics
Peeji mmasị wiil na-eji nnwale chi-square goodness-of-fit nke Pearson nwere degrees of freedomụlọ nnwaleDegrees of freedomỌnụọgụ uru ndị kwụụrụ onwe ha n’otu statistic. Maka nnwale chi-square n’oghere 37 ọ bụ 36, n’ihi na ọnụọgụ ndị ahụ ga-agbakọrịrị ruo ngụkọta.Gụọ ya niile → 36. p-valueụlọ nnwalep-valueOhere ịhụ ndịiche ruru ma ọ bụ karịa nke a hụrụ ma ọ bụrụ na wiil ahụ ziri ezi.Gụọ ya niile → sitere na regularized incomplete gamma function. Nnwale sectorwiilSectorAkụkụ oghere na-esochi ibe ha na wiil, nke dị iche na otu ìgwè na mbadamba nzọ.Gụọ ya niile → na-akọ mmasị n’standard deviationmgbakọStandard deviationMgbọrọgwụ square nke mgbasa; anya nkịtị dị n’etiti otu nsonaazụ na uru a tụrụ anya.Gụọ ya niile → nke binomial nwere p = ogherengwa ọrụOghereOtu n’ime ebe 37 nwere nọmba dị na rotor. A na-akpọkwa ya: slot, cup.Gụọ ya niile →/37.
Ịgbachi nọmba
A na-egosi pasent ruo ọnụọgụ abụọ mgbe ntụpọ gasịrị, ego ruo cent, a na-ahapụkwa cent n’ego dollar zuru ezu. A naghị agbachi mgbakọ ndị dị n’etiti.
Ihe ọchị
Nọmba ọ bụla ebe a nwere ike ịgbaghachi ma pụta otu ihe ahụ.