ỤLỌ NNWALENNWALE 06df = 36α = 0.05seed 99

Mmasị Wiil Roulette

Wiil roulette nwere mmasị na-ahụ ụfọdụ oghere n’anya karịa n’ihi ntụpọ anụ ahụ: fret tọrọ atọ, rotor na-adịghị ha nhata, oghere gbara agba. Mmasị wiil roulette dị adị ma e jirila ya rite uru. Ihe isi ike bụ na wiil ziri ezi kpam kpam na-emepụta “nọmba ọkụ” mgbe niile, ya mere ajụjụ ahụ abụghị ma otu nọmba ọ dị ọkụ, kama ma usoro niile ahụ ọ gbagọrọ agbagọ karịa ka chi na-ekwe.

1. Sample wiil ziri ezi

Ntụgharị e si na wiil e mepụtara na kọmputa na-enweghị mmasị ọ bụla. Gbanwee nha sample ma lee oghere kacha ọkụ.

0321519421225173462713361130823105241633120143192218297281235326
ntụgharị370
a tụrụ anya kwa oghere10.0
oghere kacha ọkụ20 · ugboro 16 (4.32%)
kacha ọkụ megide a tụrụ anya+60% · 1.9σ
chi-square · p32.8 · 0.622
mkpebienweghị ihe akaebe nke mmasị

2. Ihe a hụrụ na ihe a tụrụ anya

Ogwe ọ bụla bụ otu oghere n’usoro wiil. Ahịrị kpụkọrọ akpụkọ bụ ọnụọgụ a tụrụ anya, n/37. Akụkụ e mere ka ọ gbaa ọchịchịrị bụ ±2 standard deviation: na wiil ziri ezi, ihe dịka otu oghere n’ime iri abụọ ga-apụta n’èzí ya site na chi naanị.

0oghere n’usoro wiil →26

3. Nnwale chi-square

Nnwale ahụ na-agbakọta otu oghere ọ bụla si dị anya n’ihe a tụrụ anya, e mere ya square ma hazie ya. Na wiil ziri ezi, nchikota ahụ na-eso nkesa chi-square nwere ogo nnwere onwe 36; p-value dị n’okpuru 0.05 ka a na-akpọkarị significant.

χ² = Σ (Oᵢ − Eᵢ)² / Eᵢ Eᵢ = n/37 df = 36
n = 370 · E = 10.00 · χ² = 32.80 · p = 0.622
Ịdọ aka na ntị gbasara nha sampleN’okpuru ihe dịka ntụgharị 1,000, nnwale ahụ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara inwe ike ịchọpụta mmasị ndị dị adị n’ezie, na nsonaazụ “significant” na p < 0.05 ga-apụta site na chi na 1 n’ime sample ziri ezi 20 ọ bụla i lere anya. Ịnwale ọtụtụ wiil, ma ọ bụ ịnwaleghachi otu wiil ruo mgbe ọ gafere, na-ekwe nkwa nsonaazụ ụgha.

4. Ole ntụgharị ị ga-achọ

Ntụgharị a chọrọ iji chọpụta otu oghere na-apụta ugboro ugboro karịa 1/37, n’ogo 5% n’otu akụkụ na ike 80%. Oghere na-apụta 1 ugboro n’ime 35 kama 1 n’ime 37 ga-abụ uru siri ike maka onye egwuregwu, ma ọ chọrọ ọtụtụ iri puku ntụgharị e dekọrọ iji kwado ya.

ọnụego n’ezieuru onye egwuregwuntụgharị a chọrọna ntụgharị 40/awa
1 n’ime 25+44.0%1,108awa 28
1 n’ime 30+20.0%4,392awa 110
1 n’ime 33+9.1%15,747awa 394
1 n’ime 35+2.9%69,461awa 1,737
Ịkwado mmasị pụtara idekọ ntụgharị abalị na abalị, ọtụtụ iri puku n’ime ha.

Usoro Nchọcha

Sampling. Nhọrọ ha nhata site n’oghere 37 na-eji generator nwere seed (mulberry32, seed 99), ka e wee nwee ike imeghachi ibe a.
Nnwale. Pearson chi-square goodness of fit, ogo nnwere onwe 36, p-value site na regularized incomplete gamma function.
Ike. Normal approximation nke nnwale one-proportion, α = 0.05 n’otu akụkụ, ike 0.80.
Oke. Nchọpụta statistics naanị. A kọwara ihe kpatara n’anụ ahụ na nyocha dabere na sector (kama oghere) na Nyocha Sector.

Ihe ọchị

Wiil ziri ezi na-emepụta nọmba ọkụ kwa abalị. Igosi mmasị chọrọ ọtụtụ iri puku ntụgharị.

Wiil ziri ezi na-emepụta nọmba ọkụ kwa abalị. Igosi mmasị chọrọ ọtụtụ iri puku ntụgharị.

Isi Mmalite

  1. Pearson, K. (1900). On the criterion that a given system of deviations… Philosophical Magazine, 50(302).
  2. Thorp, E. O. (1969). Optimal gambling systems for favorable games. Review of the International Statistical Institute, 37(3).
  3. Ethier, S. N. (2010). The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling. Springer. Isi 13, Roulette.