François Blanc
Onye na-elekọta kasino wepụrụ efu abụọụdịEfu abụọOghere 00 nke wiil America. Ọnụnọ ya na-ebuli uru ụlọ site na 2.70% ruo 5.26%.Gụọ ya niile →, ma ghọta kpọmkwem ihe ọ ga-eme.

François Blanc (1806–1877) webatara wiil otu efu na Bad Homburg na 1843 iji belata ọnụ ahịa karịa kasino spa ndị ọzọ, mgbe ahụ wuo Monte Carlo n’elu otu wiil ahụ. “Onyinye” ahụ nye ndị egwuregwu bụ mbelata ọnụ ahịa zụtara òkè ahịa.
Tupu Homburg
François na ejima ya Louis malitere dị ka ndị na-akpa nkata ego na Bordeaux n’afọ 1830, ebe a mara ha ikpe maka inye ndị ọrụ telegraph aka azụ iji mara ọnụ ahịa bond Paris tupu ahịa amata, ihe atụ mbụ nke information arbitrage. Mgbe ntaramahụhụ dị mkpụmkpụ gasịrị, ha banyere n’ọrụ ilekọta kasino, nke mbụ na Luxembourg, mgbe ahụ nweta ikike maka obere obodo spa Bad Homburg na 1841.

Otu efu
Homburg sọrọ mpi na obodo spa ndị guzosiri ike na Baden-Baden na Wiesbaden, ndị wiil ha nwere efuwiilEfuOtu oghere akwụkwọ ndụ nke nzọ ego hara nhata, dozen ma ọ bụ column ọ bụla na-ekpuchighị; isi mmalite uru ụlọ. A na-akpọkwa ya: single zero, 0.Gụọ ya niile → abụọ. Ụmụnne Blanc kpọsara wiil nwere otu. Uru ụlọmgbakọUru ụlọÒkè nke ego nzọ ọ bụla kasino na-edebe na nkezi: 2.70% na roulette Europe.Gụọ ya niile → dara site na 5.26% ruo 2.70%, mgbasa ozi ahụ dekwara onwe ya: naanị kasino na Europe ebe odds onye egwuregwu ka mma okpukpu abụọ. Ndị egwuregwu bịara, Homburg tolitere, ndị mmegide mechakwara soro. Ọ bụghị ọmịiko. Ọ bụ mbelata ọnụ ahịa n’ahịa ebe ngwaahịa ahụ yiri onwe ya, ọnụ ahịa bụkwa naanị ihe e nwere ike ịgbanwe.
Monaco
Mgbe Prussia weghaara Hesse-Homburg na 1866 ma a kwụsịrị ịgba nzọ na Germany nwayọọ nwayọọ (tebụl ikpeazụ mechiri na 1872), Blanc akwagalarị. Ọ zụtara ikike Monaco na-ada ada na 1863, tinye ego n’ụzọ ụgbọ oloko na ụlọ nkwari akụ, ma lekọta kasino ahụ dị ka ebe ezumike kama ụlọ egwuregwu. Otu efu sooro ya, ghọọ ọkọlọtọ Europe. Ezinụlọ Blanc nwere òkè n’ego kasino Monaco ruo ọtụtụ ọgbọ; nwa ya nwanyị lụrụ n’ezinụlọ ndị isi Radziwiłł, otu nwa nwa ya nwanyị lụkwara n’ezinụlọ Bonaparte.
A mụrụ ya na Courthézon, Vaucluse, ya na ejima ya Louis.
Bordeaux: nkata ego, aka azụ telegraph, ikpe.
Ikike maka Bad Homburg.
E webatara wiil otu efu na Homburg.
Ọ zụtara ikike Monaco; tọọ ntọala Société des Bains de Mer.
Ụzọ ụgbọ oloko gaa Monte Carlo meghere.
E mechiri kasino Germany; Monte Carlo bụ naanị egwuregwu fọdụrụ na kọntinent ahụ.
Ọ nwụrụ na Switzerland, otu n’ime ndị kacha baa ọgaranya na Europe.
Ihe ọ ghọtara
Na uru ụlọ bụ ọnụ ahịa, na ndị egwuregwu na-atụnyere ọnụ ahịa ọbụlagodi mgbe ha enweghị ike ịgụkọ ha, nakwa na ọnụ ahịa dị ala nwere ọtụtụ ndị ahịa na-emeri ọnụ ahịa dị elu nwere mmadụ ole na ole. Ego Monte Carlo nwetara na 2.70% karịrị nke Homburg na 5.26% nke ukwuu n’ihi na e nwere ọtụtụ ndị egwuregwu, ọtụtụ tebụl na ọtụtụ ntụgharị. Mgbakọ mfu a tụrụ anyamgbakọMfu a tụrụ anyaUru a tụrụ anya mụbara na ngụkọta ego e tinyere na nzọ; nkezi ego a na-atụfu n’otu oge egwuregwu ma ọ bụ n’otu oge.Gụọ ya niile → (uru ụlọ × ngụkọta nzọegoNgụkọta nzọNgụkọta ego e tinyere na nzọ n’otu oge egwuregwu ma ọ bụ otu oge, gụnyere mmeri a gbara nzọ ọzọ. A na-akpọkwa ya: handle, action.Gụọ ya niile →) bụ usoro azụmahịa ya tupu onye ọ bụla edee ya maka ndị egwuregwu.
Ihe nketa
Wiil otu efu ọ bụla n’ụwa bụ nke Blanc. Otu a ka ebe ezumike kasino nke oge a dị: echiche na kasino bụ otu akụkụ nke ebe njem nwere ụlọ nkwari akụ, ụlọ opera na ọdụ ụgbọ oloko. Wiil America debere efu nke abụọ n’ihi na ọ dịghị Blanc bịara belata ọnụ ahịa ya; wiil efu atọ nke 2016 bụ mmegharị nke ọzọ, e mere ebe ndị egwuregwu enweghị Monte Carlo ha ga-atụnyere ya.
Ajụjụ
Ọ webatara ya ma mee ka ọ mara ama. E nwere ike ịnwale wiil otu efu tupu mgbe ahụ; Homburg mere ya iwu.
Ọ bụ nke ọzọ. Ọnụọgụ nzọ rịgoro karịa ka uru dara.
Aha njirimara onye nta akụkọ nyere ya maka ime ka obere spa ghọọ isi obodo ịgba nzọ nke Europe n’ime afọ iri.
Ihe ọchị

Mbelata ọnụ ahịa, ọ bụghị onyinye. Ọnụọgụ nzọ mere ihe fọdụrụ.
Isi Mmalite
- Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling.
- Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture.